fa اثر مونوفسفریل لیپید-آ برحافظه فضایی موش صحرایی علوم اعصاب Neuroscience پژوهشي اصیل Original Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="background:white"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف: </span></span></b><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:">بیماری&shy;های نورودژنراتیو همانند آلزایمر، رایج&shy;ترین دلیل </span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">اختلال در حافظه و عملکرد آن در دنیا بشمار می&shy;روند که تابحال درمان دارویی موثری برای بهبود نقص حافظه و کیفیت زندگی این افراد، پیدا نشده است.</span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"> باتوجه</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&shy;</span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:">به تأثیرات مونوفسفریل لیپید آ </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">monophosphoryl lipid A [MPL])</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(</span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;بر بهبود حافظه در بیماری آلزایمر و همچنین ایسکمی هیپوکمپ، </span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">در این مطالعه به بررسی اثر </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">MPL</span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"> بر حافظه فضایی موش</span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:"> صحرایی، پرداخته شده است.</span><b><span lang="FA" style="background:white"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="background:white"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">روش‌ها<a name="_Hlk160478685">:</a></span></span></b> <span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">این مطالعه بر روی </span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:">48</span> <span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">سر موش صحرایی نر بالغ 45 روزه نژاد ویستار با وزن 270-250 گرم انجام شد که به‌&shy;طور تصادفی در دو گروه مطالعه 7روزه و 28روزه قرار گرفتند</span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:">.</span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:"> هر گروه به سه زیرگروه 8تایی؛ کنترل، شم و دارو، تقسیم شد. حیوانات در ماز آبی موریس برای بررسی روند یادگیری، به &shy;مدت پنج روز و هر روز 4 جلسه برای یافتن سکوی پنهان در ماز تلاش کردند. تزریق دارو به&shy;‌صورت داخل بطنی با دوز یک میکروگرم بر</span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"> 5 میکرولیتر </span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">به&shy; ازای هر موش، بیست دقیقه بعد از جراحی انجام شد. مدت زمان سپری شده در ربع هدف و مسافت پیموده شده توسط حیوانات</span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در گروه&shy;‌های مختلف</span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">، در روزهای هفتم و بیست &shy;و&shy; هشتم پس از آخرین روز یادگیری، آزموده شد.</span><span lang="FA" style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="background:white"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">یافته‌ها: </span></span></b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">با بررسی زمان صرف شده و همچنین مسافت طی شده در ربع هدف، در مرحله یادگیری، تفاوت معناداری بین گروه&shy;ها در آخرین روز یادگیری ماز آبی موریس مشاهده نشد (0</span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:">/05&nbsp;</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">></span></span> <i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">p</span></span></i><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">). بعلاوه<i> در</i> زمان&shy;های هفت روز و 28 روز پس از دوره یادگیری، نیز بین</span> <span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">گروه حیواناتی که </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">MPL</span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"> دریافت نمودند </span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">با گروه حیوانات کنترل و همچنین شم بدون دریافت دارو، تفاوتی وجود نداشت (0</span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:">/05&nbsp;</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">></span></span> <i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">p</span></span></i><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">).</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتایج:</span></b><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"> می&shy;‌توان گفت </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">MPL</span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"> با دوز یک میکروگرم بر 5 میکرو&shy;لیتر و شرایط مطالعه حاضر بهبودی در عملکرد حافظه فضایی موش صحرایی ندارد. </span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:5.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background and Aim</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">:</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer&#39;s disease are the most common cause of memory impairment worldwide. No effective drug treatment has been found to improve the memory deficit and quality of life of these patients. Considering the effects of MPL on improving memory in Alzheimer&#39;s disease and hippocampal ischemia, this study investigated the effect of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) on the spatial memory of rats.</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> <span style="background:white">This study was conducted on 48 adult male Wistar rats (45-day-old) </span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">weighing 250-270 grams, </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">which were randomly divided into two groups of &ldquo;7 days&rdquo; and &ldquo;28 days&rdquo;. </span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Each group was divided into three subgroups (n = 8) including control, sham, and drug. The spatial learning and memory were assessed by the Morris water maze. Animals were trained to find the hidden platform in the maze for five days and 4 sessions every day. The drug was injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle at a dose of 1 </span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&micro;</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">g per 5 </span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&micro;</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L per rat, 20 min after surgery. The time spent and the distance traveled in the target quadrant were assessed on the seventh and twenty-eighth days after the last day of learning.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">:</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">No significant difference was found between the groups in the time spent and distance traveled in the target quadrant during the learning phase. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between groups in memory recall at both 7 days and 28 days after the training period (<i>p </i>> 0.05).</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Verdana,"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion</span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: In our study, MPL </span><span lang="EN" style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">1 </span></span><span lang="EN" style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&micro;</span></span><span lang="EN" style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">g/5 </span></span><span lang="EN" style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&micro;</span></span><span lang="EN" style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L/rat</span></span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">did not affect the spatial memory of rats.</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&lrm;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Monophosphoryl lipid a, spatial memory, Morris water maze 1 10 http://ijpp.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-46&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Maryam Hooshmand مریم هوشمند 10031947532846006328 10031947532846006328 No Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran بخش شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Ahmad Asoodeh* احمد آسوده* 10031947532846006329 10031947532846006329 No Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran بخش شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Mohamad Sayyah محمد سیاح 10031947532846006330 10031947532846006330 Yes Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran بخش فیزیولوژی و فارماکولوژی، انستیتو پاستور ایران، تهران، ایران Hamid Gholami Pourbadie حمید غلامی پوربدیع 10031947532846006331 10031947532846006331 No Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran بخش فیزیولوژی و فارماکولوژی، انستیتو پاستور ایران، تهران، ایران Mahbobeh Kamranimehni محبوبه کامرانی مهنی 10031947532846006332 10031947532846006332 No Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran بخش فیزیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تهران تهران، ایران