fa دوپامین تکثیر تاکی‌زوایت‌های توکسوپلاسما را به واسطه تحریک رسپتورهای دوپامینی شبه D1 تسهیل می کند سایر موارد Others... پژوهشي اصیل Original Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف:</span></b> <i><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">توکسوپلاسما گوندی</span></span></i><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> یک انگل درون&shy;سلولی اجباری است. توکسوپلاسما منجر به افزایش میزان دوپامین در مغز میزبان می‌شود. این احتمال وجود دارد که دوپامین در تکثیر توکسوپلاسما نقش داشته باشد. در این مطالعه، اثر دوپامین بر تکثیر تاکی‌زوایت‌ها‌ی توکسوپلاسما در سلول‌های </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">HFF-1</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">روش‌&shy;ها:</span></b> <span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سلول‌های </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">HFF-1</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> کشت شده و با دوپامین 500 نانومولار تیمار شدند. به چاهک‌های حاوی سلول 10⁵&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="FA" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&times;</span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> 4 تاکی‌زوایت اضافه شد. جهت بررسی نقش گیرنده‌ها، ابتدا سلول‌ها با دوپامین تیمار شدند. آنتاگونیست</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های گیرنده</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های دوپامینی </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">D1</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">D2 </span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">&nbsp;(به ترتیب </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SCH-23390</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و سولپیراید)، به‌&shy;تنهایی و در ترکیب با هم با غلظت 10 نانومولار به محیط کشت اضافه شدند. سلول‌های تیمار شده با تاکی‌زوایت آلوده شدند. میزان تاکی‌زوایت‌ها با شمارش میکروسکوپ و به روش </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">RT-qPCR</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">یافته‌&shy;ها:</span></b> <span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">دوپامین به&shy;‌طور معنی‌داری (0/05</span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">p < </span></span></span></i><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) تکثیر تاکی‌زوایت</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ها در سلول‌های‌ </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">HFF-1</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> را افزایش داد. تیمار سلول‌ها با </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SCH-23390</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> توانست به&shy;‌طور معنی‌داری (0/05</span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">p < </span></span></span></i><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) اثر دوپامین را خنثی کند، درحالی&shy;که سولپیراید نتوانست از این اثر دوپامین جلوگیری کند. علاوه&shy; براین، ترکیب دو آنتاگونیست،&nbsp;</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SCH-23390</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و سولپیراید، بطور معنی‌داری (0/05</span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">p < </span></span></span></i><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) تکثیر تاکی‌زوایت‌ها در سلول‌های </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">HFF-1</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> را کاهش داد.</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌&shy;گیری:</span></b> <span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مطالعه ما نشان داد که دوپامین تکثیر تاکی‌زوایت</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ها را در رده سلولی </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">HFF-1</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> تحریک می‌کند. علاوه بر این، دوپامین اثر خود بر تکثیر انگل را ازطریق گیرنده</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">‌</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">D1</span></span></span><span b="" lang="FA" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> اعمال می‌کند. این نتایج می‌تواند به طراحی و توسعه داروهای موثر علیه توکسوپلاسما کمک کند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:5.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:17pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:black">Background and Aim</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">:</span></span></span></span> <i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">Toxoplasma gondii </span></span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">is an obligate intracellular parasite. <i>T. gondii </i>leads to increased production of dopamine in the host&#39;s brain. It is possible that dopamine plays a role in the proliferation of <i>T. gondii</i>. In this study, the effect of dopamine on the proliferation of Toxoplasma tachyzoites in HFF-1 cells was investigated.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Verdana,"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></b> <span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">HFF-1 cells were cultured and treated with 500 nM dopamine. 4 </span></span><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&times;</span></span><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> 10⁵ tachyzoites were added to the cell wells. To investigate the role of receptors, first the confluensed cells were treated with dopamine. Dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonists (SCH-23390 and sulpiride, respectively), alone and in combination, were added to the culture medium at a concentration of 10 nM. The treated cells were infected with Tachyzoite. The amounts of tachyzoites were evaluated by microscopic counting and by RT-qPCR method.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Verdana,"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Results: </span></span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Dopamine significantly (<i>p < 0.05</i>) increases proliferation of tachyzoites in HFF-1 cells. SCH-23390 significantly neutralized the effect of dopamine in treated cells (<i>p < 0.05</i>), while sulpiride could not avert the effect of dopamine. Moreover, combination of two antagonists, SCH-23390 and sulpiride, significantly reduced the proliferation of tachyzoites in HFF-1 cells (<i>p < 0.05</i>). <b><span style="color:black"></span></b></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:140%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Conclusion: </span></span></b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Our study showed that dopamine stimulates proliferation of tachyzoites in HFF-1 cell line. In addition, dopamine exerts its effect on parasite proliferation through D1 receptors. These results can help to design and develop effective drugs against Toxoplasma.</span></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:5.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; آنتاگونیست, توکسوپلاسما گوندی , دوپامین, HFF-1 Antagonist, dopamine, HFF-1, Toxoplasma gondii 178 186 http://ijpp.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-298-6&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Setayesh Yasami-Khiabani ستایش یاسمی خیابانی 10031947532846006224 10031947532846006224 No Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran گروه انگل شناسی، انستیتو پاستور ایران، تهران، ایران Maryam Mostafavi مریم مصطفوی 10031947532846006225 10031947532846006225 No Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran گروه انگل شناسی، انستیتو پاستور ایران، تهران، ایران Jalal Babaie جلال بابایی 10031947532846006226 10031947532846006226 Yes Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran گروه انگل شناسی، انستیتو پاستور ایران، تهران، ایران Majid Golkar مجید گل کار 10031947532846006227 10031947532846006227 No Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran گروه انگل شناسی، انستیتو پاستور ایران، تهران، ایران